An enterprise service bus (ESB) is a software architecture model used for designing and implementing the interaction and communication between mutually interacting software applications in Service Oriented Architecture. As a software architecture model for distributed computing it is a speciality variant of the more general client server software architecture model and promotes strictly asynchronous message oriented design for communication and interaction between applications. Its primary use is in Enterprise Application Integration of heterogenous and complex landscapes.
The concept has been developed in analogy to the Bus concept found in computer hardware architecture combined with the modular and concurrent design of high-performance computer operating systems. Motivation was to find a standard, structured and general purpose concept for describing implementation of loosely coupled software components (called: services) that are expected to be independently deployed, running, heterogenous and disparate within a network. ESB is also the intrinsincly adopted network design of the World Wide Web and the common implementation pattern for Service Oriented Architecture.
Source: Wikipedia
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